Resources For Plagiarism: Printable Guide
This
is a four-part guide that includes sections on
Plagiarism
Instruction,
Plagiarism Prevention,
Plagiarism Detection,
and Plagiarism
Information.
The
URL for this page is
http://library.uncc.edu/plagiarism.
Plagiarism Instruction
Contents
Definition of Plagiarism Issues
Developmental Issues
Ethical Issues
Cultural Issues
Plagiarism
Instruction: Definition of Plagiarism Issues
Defining and Avoiding Plagiarism: The WPA Statement on Best Practices
[http://wpacouncil.org/node/9]
An overview of plagiarism from composition specialists.
Includes discussion of responsibilities of universities, teachers, and students,
with ideas for for classroom practice.
Price,
Margaret. "Beyond 'Gotcha!': Situating Plagiarism in Policy and
Pedagogy." College Composition and Communication 54.1 (September
2002): 88-115
An excellent discussion of plagiarism as situated in context.
She provides advice on developing plagiarism policy and many practical exercises
for discussing plagiarism in the classroom.
Plagiarism Instruction:
Developmental Issues
Plagiarism Prevention for
Students (California State San Marcos)
[http://library.csusm.edu/plagiarism/]
Contains a chart (How to Avoid Plagiarism) that identifies
the range of activity that may cover deliberate and accidental plagiarism.
Avoiding Plagiarism (Purdue University)
[http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_plagiar.html]
Contains a section called "The
Intellectual Challenges in American
Academic Writing."
You Quote It, You Note
It! (Acadia University)
[http://library.acadiau.ca/tutorials/plagiarism/]
An interactive tutorial that allows students to identify
instances of plagiarism.
Plagiarism Instruction: Ethical Issues
Roig,
Miguel Ph.D. Avoiding Plagiarism, Self-Plagiarism, and Other
Questionable Writing Practices: A Guide to Ethical Writing. (St. Johns
University)
[http://facpub.stjohns.edu/~roigm/plagiarism/Plagiarism.html]
Includes examples of professionals who have suffered
consequences of plagiarism.
Teaching Ethics for Research,
Scholarship and Practice: Office of the Vice President for Research
and Dean of the Graduate School (University of Minnesota)
[http://www.research.umn.edu/ethics/]
Contains instructional and curricular materials
appropriate for plagiarism. From the left frame, follow both links,
"Curriculum," and "Instructional Materials," then "Plagiarism," to find case
studies and discussion questions on plagiarism.
Plagiarism Instruction:
Cultural Issues
Writing
Research Essays in North American Academic Institutions: A Guide for
Students of All Nations (ACTS Seminaries of Trinity Western University)
[http://www.acts.twu.ca/lbr/research_essays2.htm#words]
Clearly discusses the confusion international students
confront when writing text-based research papers in North American colleges
and universities.
Plagiarism Prevention
Contents
Designing an Ethical Classroom Environment
Designing Assignments
Institutional Initiatives
Plagiarism Prevention: Designing an Ethical Classroom Environment
Ten Principles
of Academic Integrity
[http://www.collegepubs.com/ref/10PrinAcaInteg.shtml]
Integrity: Academic and Political A Letter to My Students
[http://servercc.oakton.edu/~pboisver/NewFaculty/LetterTaylor.htm]
Plagiarism Prevention: Designing Assignments
Assignment Policy
- Discuss the concept of plagiarism by
asking students about "their" concept of plagiarism, why it is
inappropriate, why a student might plagiarize, and what are the
appropriate consequences for a plagiarist. (Colorado State University
Writing Center)
- Explain plagiarism, both intended and
unintended. (Citadel)
- Publish academic honesty policy in your
syllabus. (Citadel)
- Refer to the
UNC Charlotte Code of Student Academic Integrity.
[http://www.legal.uncc.edu/policies/ps-105.html#APP]
- Encourage students who struggle with
authorship issues to visit the
Writing Resources Center [http://www.uncc.edu/writing/wrc.html].
Assignment Type
- Avoid "formulaic assignments that may
invite stock or plagiarized responses." (WPA)
- Design writing assignments around a
course "theme." (WPA)
- Have students make an in-depth inquiry
or investigation.
Assignment Process
- Identify an audience and purpose for
the assignment. (Price)
- Have students analyze, rather than
recycle, information. (WPA)
- Require specific types of secondary
research (two Internets, two articles, two books, etc.) (Harris)
- Have students keep a research log.
- Require recent and current citations
(Harris)
- Break assignments into parts; have
students turn in drafts, bibliographies, outlines, photocopies of
sources, etc. (Hinchcliffe)
- Set up conference with students and
ask them about specific aspects of the draft/paper, such as the
following:
- Tell me how you researched and wrote
this paper. What process did you use?
- Where did you look for your sources?
Which libraries or databases did you consult?
- Where did you find this articleâ?¦? â?¦Can
you bring me a copy at the next meeting? (Colorado State University WC)
Assignment Reflection
- Have students personally reflect on the
assignment, either in written or oral form. (Hinchcliffe)
- Examples of reflection questions are
as follows:
- What was the most difficult part of
writing this paper?
- What do you feel the strongest aspect
of this paper is?
- If you had more time, on what aspect
of the paper would you continue to work?
- How did this paper change from its
first draft? (Colorado State University WC)
- Require an oral report on the paper
(Harris)
- Have students write an in-class essay on
their writing experience on the paper due date. (Harris)
Plagiarism
Prevention: Institutional Initiatives
Plagiarism Detection
Contents
Internet Paper Mills
Evaluating Assignments
Commercial Services
Non-commercial Service
Plagiarism Detection:
Internet Term Paper Mill
Sites
Kimbel
Library--Cheating 101: Internet Paper Mills [http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/mills2.html]
Kimbel
Library--Cheating 101: Internet Subject Specific Paper Mills
[http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/mills5.html]
Yahoo: > Business and Economy > Shopping and Services > Writing and Editing
> Academic Services >
Research and Term Papers
Google:
Reference > Education > Products and Services > Academic Papers
> Fee Based
Some sites try to mask their true purpose with a
"disclosure" statement, stating that the site is for the purpose
of research and background material and that plagiarism could be prosecuted.
Others may try to pass as a "search engine." However, those
"statements" have not always held up in court.
Cost and product options include the completely free
sites; some sites are free, but require the user to submit a paper; others
have costs attached, by page or by paper; some offer "custom
written" papers, and others offer "pre-written" papers.
Plagiarism
Detection:
Evaluating Assignments
- Use search engines, such
as Google; enter a key phrase, enclosed in quotation marks.
(Staley Library)
- Search full-text databases
in Atkins
Library, such as Ebsco's MasterFile,
Academic Search Premier, and Lexis-Nexis.
(Staley Library)
- Check for website
printouts; the address may appear at the top or bottom of the page. (Hinchcliffe)
- Note any unusual diction,
phrasing, vocabulary or sentence structures. (Hinchcliffe)
- Check formatting; is it different from
your requirements? (Hinchcliffe)
- Watch for old references. (Hinchcliffe)
- Note any passages that appear to be
"added-on" to the text. (Hinchcliffe)
Plagiarism
Detection: Commercial Services
Essay Verification Site (EVE) [http://www.canexus.com/eve/index3.shtml]
Free 15-day trial. Downloadable program.
Glatt Plagiarism Services [plagiarism.com]
Has three services: tutorial for students, detection
program, and a self-detection program.
MyDropBox [mydropbox.com]
Offers a free 30-day pilot. Provides "Originality
Report." Has student, teacher, and administrator accounts.
*TurnItIn.Com [turnitin.com]
Offered by UNC Charlotte through the
Faculty
Center for Teaching and eLearning [http://www.fctel.uncc.edu/products/turnitininfo.html]. Provides sample reports based on document analysis.
Offers individual, teacher, or institution accounts. The following review of turnitin.com notes that the program is based on comparing texts and that
it keeps a copy of all student work that is submitted to the program:
Turnitin.com, a Pedagogic Placebo for Plagiarism [http://bedfordstmartins.com/technotes/techtiparchive/ttip060501.htm]
Plagiarism Detection:
Noncommercial Service
Hole-Ize
Text [http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/gn/5thwordp.html]
Developed by Henry Schaffer at NCSU. Cut and paste a
paragraph into this site, submit it, and it returns with every fifth word
missing. Have the "suspect" fill in the words. Low tech,
but if the person authored the paper, he/she should be able to fill in the
words. This program may help identify paraphrased plagiarism that
commercial programs do not detect.
Plagiarism Information
Content
UNC Charlotte Policy Statement #105: The Office Of
Student Academic Integrity
Laws and Cases
Statistics
Resources Guides
Books and
Articles
Professional Organization
Plagiarism Information: UNC Charlotte Policy Statement
UNC Charlotte Policy Statement #105: The Office Of
Student Academic Integrity
UNC Charlotte's policy statement concerning plagiarism and other issues of
academic integrity. This statement includes the procedure for handling such
cases.
Plagiarism Information:
Laws and Cases
Plagiarism
in Colleges in U.S.A. [http://www.rbs2.com/plag.htm]
By Ronald B. Standler.
Excellent legal discussion of plagiarism. Notes that though
plagiarism is an academic offense, it is unlawful in some states, including
NC, to sell term papers, etc. to students. Discusses specific
cases that have been tried in court, plus offers links to other sites.
The following is North Carolina's law.
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-118.2
(1999) (available through Lexis-Nexis).
§ 14-118.2. Assisting, etc., in obtaining academic credit by
fraudulent means
(a) It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, corporation or
association to assist any student, or advertise, offer or attempt to assist
any student, in obtaining or in attempting to obtain, by fraudulent means,
any academic credit, grade or test score, or any diploma, certificate or
other instrument purporting to confer any literary, scientific,
professional, technical or other degree in any course of study in any
university, college, academy or other educational institution. The activity
prohibited by this subsection includes, but is not limited to, preparing or
advertising, offering, or attempting to prepare a term paper, thesis, or
dissertation for another; impersonating or advertising, offering or
attempting to impersonate another in taking or attempting to take an
examination; and the giving or changing of a grade or test score or offering
to give or change a grade or test score in exchange for an article of value
or money.
(b) Any person, firm, corporation or association violating any of the
provisions of this section shall be guilty of a Class 2 misdemeanor. This
section includes the acts of a teacher or other school official; however,
the provisions of this section shall not apply to the acts of one student in
assisting another student as herein defined if the former is duly registered
in an educational institution in North Carolina and is subject to the
disciplinary authority thereof.
HISTORY: 1963, c. 781; 1969, c. 1224, s. 7; 1989, c. 144;
1993, c. 539, s. 63; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c).
"Plagiarism-Detection Tool Creates Legal Quandry," The Chronicle of Higher
Education, by Andrea L. Foster, May 17, 2002. [http://chronicle.com/free/v48/i36/36a03701.htm]
Discusses possible copyright infringement when
using plagiarism-detection services.
Plagiarism Information: Statistics
"2006
Report Card on the Ethics of American Youth," Josephson Institute
Center for Youth Ethics[http://charactercounts.org/programs/reportcard/2006/index.html]
In this biennial study of over 35,000 high school students, 1
in 3 participants admit copying a document from the Internet for an
assignment.
Plagiarism Information:
Resources Guides
Cut-and-Paste
Plagiarism: Preventing, Detecting and Tracking Online Plagiarism (Lisa
Janicke Hinchcliffe) [http://www.uregina.ca/tdc/CutPastePlagiarism.htm]
Defining and Avoiding Plagiarism: The
WPA Statement on Best Practices [http://wpacouncil.org/node/9]
Hansen, Brian. "Combating Plagiarism."
The CQ
Researcher 13.32 (2003). 20 January 2006 [http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003091900].
Document ID: cqresrre2003091900.
Comprehensive report, including bibliography, overview,
and background information.
Online
Plagiarism: How to Prevent It, How to Detect It. (The Citadel) [http://www.citadel.edu/citadel/otherserv/library/plagiarism.htm]
Understanding and Addressing Plagiarism
(Colorado State University Writing Center) [http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/teaching/plagiarism/index.cfm]
Plagiarism Information: Books and Articles
- Clegg, S., & Flint, A. (2006). More
heat than light: Plagiarism in its appearing. British Journal of
Sociology of Education, 27(3), 373-387.
- Howard, R. M. (1999). Standing in the
Shadow of Giants: Plagiarists, Authors, Collaborators. Stamford, CT:
Ablex Publishing.
[PN167 .H69 1999]
- Lathrop, A., & Foss,
K. (2000). Student Cheating and Plagiarism in the Internet Era : A
Wake-Up Call. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.
[LB3609
.L28 2000]
- Ritter, K. (2006). Buying in, selling
short: A pedagogy against the rhetoric of online paper mills.
Pedagogy: Critical approaches to teaching literature, language,
composition and culture 6(1), 25-51.
- Roig, M. (2001). Plagiarism and
paraphrasing criteria of college and university professors. Ethics &
Behavior, 11(3), 307-323.
- Royce, J. (2003). Has Turnitin.com got
it all wrapped up? Teacher librarian, 30(4), 26.
- Sutherland-Smith, W. (2005). Pandoraâ??s
box: academic perceptions of student plagiarism in writing. Journal of
English for Academic Purposes, 4, 83-95.
Plagiarism Information:
Professional Organization
Center for Academic Integrity
[http://www.academicintegrity.org/]
A forum to identify, affirm, and promote the values of
academic integrity among students.
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